The health benefits of nettles : consumption and applications

Nettles (Urtica dioica) are a type of herbaceous perennial plant that belong to the family Urticaceae. They are native to many parts of the world, including Europe, Asia, and North America. Nettles have long, thin leaves that are covered in tiny, stinging hairs, which can cause a painful rash when touched. The plant has small, greenish-yellow flowers that grow in clusters and bloom in the spring or summer. Nettles are commonly found in moist, nitrogen-rich soils, such as near riverbanks or along streams. They are often considered to be a weed, but they have also been used for medicinal purposes and as a food source.

Most of us have had less than friendly encounters with nettles, so you may have avoided them up to now, and who can blame you! However, when they are not annoying gardeners and making small children cry, they can be used for a range of different purposes. Nettles grow abundantly worldwide and have been used in traditional medicine for hundreds of years, across many different cultures. The whole plant is edible from root to seed but it must be prepared correctly first, and this can be done in a variety of ways. From teas and tinctures, to soups and stir fries, nettle can be a super nutritious addition to your diet, so let’s take a look at some of the natural health benefits that come with incorporating nettles into your kitchen.

*Note: if you are taking any medication for diabetes, high blood pressure, diuretics, lithium, or blood thinners please consult your doctor before ingesting or applying any part of the nettle plant as it may interfere with your medication.

 

Never eat nettles growing in industrial areas or growing from contaminated soil, as these may be contaminated. Look for large patches growing in parks and woodlands away from busy roads.

Nettles plant 1

Nettles are naturally high in nutrients

Forget goji berries, spinach and kale, nettles are an easily accessible super food without the price tag! Nettles contain an astounding amount of nutrients, some of which also act as antioxidants within the body. Nettles contain a number of compounds, including histamine and serotonin, which may have anti-inflammatory effects. Some studies have suggested that nettles may be effective at reducing inflammation in the body, which can help to relieve pain and swelling.

Nettles are high in protein, calcium, iron and magnesium, great news for vegans and vegetarians looking for different sources of these vital minerals! They also contain healthy fats, vitamins A, C, K and several B vitamins, along with all (yes ALL) the essential amino acids, which our bodies need for important processes like building proteins, hormones and neurotransmitters. 

Nettles are packed with polyphenols, which are antioxidants that help to protect your cells against free radicals and reduce inflammation, and studies have shown that consuming nettles can raise the level of antioxidants in the blood. (Upton, 2013, 9-38)

Nettles can help to treat hair loss

If you dream of having shiny, luscious locks, then you may need to look no further than the patch of weeds at the bottom of your garden! Nettles help to protect your hair from free radicals as they are rich in antioxidants like carotenoids, vitamin C, and flavonoids. All of these nutrients combined make nettles the perfect nourishing treatment for your hair, as they provide essential vitamins and minerals that help to accelerate growth and give hair a radiant shine. Not only are nettles beneficial for your hair, but it also has antimicrobial properties which help to prevent dandruff and soothe the scalp, and can prevent inflammation of the scalp and block the chemical DHT, a cause of hair loss. (Kregiel et al., 2018, 23)

To use nettles as a treatment for your hair, brew a nettle tea (you can find instructions here), and add a few drops of tea tree or peppermint oil to your brew. These natural oils work well with nettle and have similar properties, adding an extra boost to your nettle tea hair treatment. With wet hair, massage the mixture through your hair and into your scalp for about a minute, before shampooing as normal.

arthritis is painful

Nettles can help with arthritis pain

While the Romans used to whip themselves with bunches of nettles to relieve muscle and joint pain, we don’t have to quite go that far, unless that’s your kind of thing. There have been several studies that suggest nettles are an effective form of pain relief for those suffering from muscle pain, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis when taken as a powdered food supplement or applied to the skin. It is available in creams and gels, but it can be applied directly from the plant. As the stinging hairs on the nettle break off on contact with your skin, they release chemicals including serotonin and histamine, helping to draw the pain away from the joints. In one study, it was reported that participants felt they were able to reduce the amount of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) they were taking by up to 50%. (Jacquet et al., 2009, 192)

Nettles, as the name may suggest, have always had a prickly place in my heart. 

What most consider a weed at best, I, and others, consider nettles to be a superfood hidden in plain sight due to their high nutrient content. While there is still more research to be done, the existing research behind them seems to suggest that they have more potential as a healing plant that could have many beneficial applications beyond what we already know.